The thyroid gland
It is the control organ (in the form of a butterfly about 3cm in size on each side) that influences numerous bodily functions and keeps the body's metabolism running with the two hormones it produces. If this task becomes unbalanced, there may be a disease of the thyroid gland (e.g. an over- or underfunction). The symptoms are varied and initially unspecific: e.g. daytime tiredness, listlessness, shivering, forgetfulness, depressed mood, weight gain, hair loss, "puffy" areas on the face and legs. For clarification, go to the doctor so that various diagnostic procedures can be used to determine whether there is a disease and if so, what type. These procedures include:
- Palpation examination
- Blood test
- Hormone test
- Ultrasound
- Fine needle puncture (ultrasound-guided)
- Scintigraphy (functional test of the thyroid gland)
Almost all thyroid diseases can be treated well. If necessary, the doctor will advise surgery if:
- There is a considerable enlargement of the thyroid gland that is restricting breathing
- There is evidence of severe hyperthyroidism
- The suspicion of a malignant (cold) thyroid nodule is confirmed
Other known diseases of the thyroid gland are:
- Hashimoto's disease (chronic inflammation of the thyroid gland)
- Goiter
- Graves' disease (autoimmune disease)
If there is a family history of thyroid disease, screening is recommended.